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"ZYMURGY: THE ART AND SCIENCE OF BREWING BEER "
Dr. Tracy P. Hamilton
University of Alabama Birmingham

Meeting Schedule
5:30 p.m. Executive Committee Meeting
6:30 p.m. Dinner and Poster Session:
A buffet of plain and gourmet pizzas including meat
and vegetable toppings, served with salad.
Cost: Members: $8.00 / Students: $4.00
"ZYMURGY: THE ART AND SCIENCE OF BREWING BEER "
Dr. Tracy P. Hamilton
Reservations: Reply to Brenda Henderson (bhenders@unca.edu), phone: 828-251-6443) no later than September 16 . Dinner reservations are limited to 45 people.
Please Honor Your Reservations!
ABSTRACT
"ZYMURGY: THE ART AND SCIENCE OF BREWING BEER "
Dr. Tracy P. Hamilton
The seminar covers both the practical aspects of brewing (how to) and the chemistry of brewing. After a brief introduction of the history of beer, the steps of the process are outlined. The first step that is required is the malting of grain. This is a complex process that even breweries do not perform themselves, leaving to specialized malting companies. The second step is mashing. This is accomplished by steeping the grain (which is crushed to allow access of the hot water to the inside, but not powdered so that intact grain husks can act as a filter) in hot water. The influence of temperature and pH on the final product is discussed. The third step is lautering (sparging). Lautering is separation of the sugar solution from the grain. Temperature, viscosity from complex carbohydrates, and fluid dynamics are important variables to control. The fourth step is the boil, which serves several purposes: 1) Sterilization 2) extract the bittering compounds from hops (flowers containing bitter olefinic acids that balance the sweetness of beer), and isomerize the olefinic acids 3) precipitation of excess protein 4) browning reactions (Maillard - linking of amino acid and sugars) and 5) removal of excess water. The hot liquid (called wort) is cooled, and the final step (fermentation) is initiated. A discussion of important compounds in the final product is the final part of the talk. A side by side comparison of a homebrew or two with a commercial example may be possible after the talk.
This Month's Speaker

Dr. Tracy P. Hamilton
Tracy P. Hamilton obtained a Ph.D. (advisor: Peter Pulay) from the University of Arkansas in 1987, and did four years of postdoctoral research (advisor: Fritz Schaefer) at the University of Georgia. Dr. Hamilton has been a professor at the University of Alabama at Birmingham since 1991. In graduate school, he had to make a difficult choice between theoretical and experimental chemistry, and chose theoretical. As a result, the urge to synthesize irresistibly manifested itself in 1996, when he started brewing beer at home. Dr. Hamilton has been very active in the Birmingham Brewmasters (http://hbd.org/bbm), a group dedicated to the appreciation of different beer styles and how to brew them. He is also a certified beer judge in the Beer Judge Certification Program (BJCP http://www.bjcp.org).
FUTURE DEADLINES FOR THE PERIODIC NEWS
Deadlines for 2006 - 2007
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Issue
|
Deadline
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| October 2006 |
September 15, 2006 |
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November 2006
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October 15, 2006
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| January 2007 |
December 10, 2006 |
| February 2007 |
December 20, 2006 |
Please honor these deadlines.
---The Editors
Editor's Note:All requests for address changes should be sent directly to National ACS headquarters in Washington, DC and not to the Editors of The Periodic News. Address labels are supplied to the Editors on a monthly basis by the American Chemical Society and are determined by the current active membership. The Editors cannot be held responsible for incorrect mailing labels.
IMPORTANT NOTICE!
Bylaws Revision
After four years of negotiating with the ACS Committee on Constitution and Bylaws, our Local Section has finally won their tentative approval for new bylaws. On February 19, 2004, during our regular meeting, the revisions as proposed were approved by the members present. The revised bylaws are available through the links below for your review. The changes, which incorporate both the comments of the WCACS Section's Executive Committee and the comments of the ACS Committee on Constitution and Bylaws, are in red. There also has been reformatting suggested by the Committee.
The original document is the WCACS official bylaws on file with ACS and can be found at http://membership.acs.org/w/wca/Business/Bylaws.html on this site. Current ByLaws are approved as amended effective July 7, 1978; Committee on Constitution and Bylaws final approval on 12/29/1978.
ByLaw revisions in MS Word
ByLaw revisions in Adobe Acrobat
THE SECTION NEEDS YOUR HELP!!!
The Western Carolinas Section of the American Chemical Society urgently needs the help of each of its members in helping us recruit new Section Affiliate members. We would like to request that each member print out or copy the following invitation and present it to as many persons as possible who have an interest in chemistry:
AN INVITATION
The Chair's Corner.........
Section Bylaws
Officers and Committees
High School Chemistry Olympiad Page
National Chemistry Week: "Your Home-It's All Built on Chemistry"
October seems far away, but it and National Chemistry Week (NCW) will be here before we know it. Each year the American Chemical Society's NCW campaign reaches millions of people with positive messages about the contributions of chemistry to their daily lives. It is the one time during the year that chemists unite with the common goal of spreading the word that chemistry is good for our economy, our health, and our well-being. The celebration dates for 2006 are October 22 - 28 with the theme, "Your Home-It's All Built on Chemistry".
NATIONAL CHEMISTRY WEEK OCTOBER 22- 28, 2006
Alice Claggett
Western Carolinas Local Section Coordinator.
864-503-5712 (w), 864-574-5583 (h), aclaggett@uscupstate.edu.
The theme for National Chemistry Week (NCW) this year is "Your Home - It's All Built on Chemistry".
The ACS website for NCW is:
http://www.chemistry.org/portal/a/c/s/1/acsdisplay.html?DOC=ncw%5cncw_index.html
I have reserved a space in Westgate Mall in Spartanburg for a day of Chemistry hands-on activities and demonstrations. This will be the 4th year in a row that there have been groups of faculty and students from seven different Spartanburg area high schools and colleges participating in these activities for the general public at the mall. Last year we also had an industry group from Lubrizol doing demonstrations and we hope to have more industry participation this year, as well as more schools and colleges involved.
I will be at the September and October ACS local section meetings handing out National Chemistry Week publications for attendees to take home and distribute to their local schools.
Everyone is encouraged to get personally involved in National Chemistry Week by planning large or small outreach efforts and events at local schools, malls, libraries, community centers, etc. Please let me know about any plans that you might have in mind for your local area so that I can furnish you with publications, assist with ideas for demonstrations and hands-on activities, and help you with publicity. As NCW Coordinator for our Local Section I receive lots of information, sample press releases, etc. from the ACS National Chemistry Week office.
Please let me hear from you soon!!
Dr. Percy L. Julian, 'Forgotten Genius'
In 1999, the Committee on Minority Affairs (CMA) presented a program in observance of the 100th Anniversary of the birth of Dr. Percy L. Julian, the eminent African American organic medicinal chemist. About that same time, the management team of NOVA, which produces award winning science and technology television films for PBS station WGBH in Boston, decided to produce biographies of four eminent, historically significant scientists. They immediately selected Einstein, Galileo and Madame Curie. Upon hearing about the CMA program scheduled for March 22, 1999, Steve Lyons and Llew Smith, NOVA producer/directors, made plans to be in Anaheim for the 217th ACS National Meeting. After attending also celebrations and additional observances at DePauw University, where Dr. Julian was honored with a National Historic Chemical Landmark for his physostigmine synthesis, and his hometown of Chicago sponsored by the Chicago Section, there was no doubt as to who would be the subject of the fourth film biography.
Dr. Julian's achievements are legendary. After receiving his Ph.D. from the University of Vienna in 1931, he went on to synthesize the glaucoma drug physostigmine, serve as director of fine chemicals and food research for the Glidden Co., develop processes for the synthesis of steroid intermediates leading to cortisone and female hormones, and develop processes for the isolation from soybeans of pure soya protein, phosphatides and lecithin for use as food products.
The soya protein was requisitioned by the Navy for use in fighting fires aboard ships and planes, saving thousand of lives.. Dr. Julian left Glidden in 1954 to establish his own laboratory, which he sold to Smith, Kline and French in 1961 for $2.5M. Along with having consulting arrangements with several major pharmaceutical companies, he went on to establish another research laboratory which he headed until his death in 1975. Dr. Julian had more than 100 patents and 60 scholarly publications. He received 19 honorary doctorates and numerous other honors and awards. In 1998, he was recognized by Chemical and Engineering News as one of the "Top 75" Contributors to the Chemical Enterprise. He was honored by the U.S. Postal Service by the issuance of a commemorative stamp in the Black Heritage Series in 1993.
The film has now been made by NOVA/WGBH, with some critical and timely support from the American Chemical Society. In a very real sense, we will come full circle when we gather in San Francisco at the 232nd ACS National Meeting to celebrate the making and showing of the film, titled ?Forgotten Genius.? There will be a full day symposium, "Dr. Percy L. Julian: Scientist, Humanist, Educator, Entrepreneur, and Inspirational Trailblazer," which will conclude with 30 minutes of film excerpts. The film is scheduled to be shown nationally on Public Television on February 6, 2007. The symposium is a Presidential Event, sponsored by the Committee on Minority Affairs, with significant collaboration with the Board Task Force on Percy Julian, and numerous cosponsors. The symposium is scheduled for Monday, September 11, beginning at 8:30 am. All are invited to join in. See C&EN and chemistry.org for further important details as to location and related events.
Jim Shoffner, Chair, Percy Julian Symposium Committee
Linette Watkins, Chair, Committee on Minority Affairs
Academic Employment Initiative
Will your department be hiring new faculty this year? If so, plan to attend the Academic Employment Initiative (AEI) at the SciMix poster session at the ACS National Meeting, Monday evening, September 11, from 8-10 PM at the Moscone Convention Center -- Hall D in San Francisco, CA. This is the third year of the AEI, an ACS presidential program designed to support the academic hiring process by making it easier for departmental representatives to meet and interact informally with candidates.
Candidates seeking faculty positions will use the AEI Poster Session at SciMix to present posters about their current research, expanding on their research interests, teaching philosophy, and experience. Faculty recruiters are invited to take advantage of this opportunity to meet as many candidates as possible.
Brief biographical sketches of each of this year?s candidates will be available at www.chemistry.org/aei.html. Further information can be found at that website or by writing to GradEd@acs.org.
This event is cosponsored by PRES, CWD, CHED, CEPA, CMA, SOCED, WCC, PROF, and CPT. It is organized by the ACS Office of Graduate Education and ACS Department of Career Management and Development.
Awards Celebration to Honor ACS Local Sections
ACS local sections will be recognized at the fall ACS National Meeting for their many outstanding programs and activities held in 2005. The ChemLuminary Awards, a yearly event, is scheduled for Tuesday, September 12, 2006, at the San Francisco Marriott Hotel. The poster session will be in Salon 8 from 8:00-8:45 p.m., and the award celebration follows in Salon 9 at 9:00 p.m. Music and dancing will begin at approximately 10:00 p.m. Mark you calendars to attend and support the many ACS member volunteers.
Local Section Best Practices Podcast Now Available
A podcast of the April 20, 2006, teleconference on local section Best Practices is now available on demand at http://chemistry.org/localsections. Click on "Teleconference Series" under "Select an Electronic Resource." A text transcript of the hour-long conversation can be found at the same site by clicking on "Teleconference Series (tex transcript)."
Ideas to Enhance Local Section National Chemistry Week (NCW) Celebrations, the teleconference held July 13, will also be podcast and should be available on the Office of Local Section Activities webpage (see link above) before the San Francisco ACS National Meeting.
2008 ACS National Awards Call for Nominations
The American Chemical Society Awards Program is one of the means by which the Society meets its obligation ?to encourage...the advancement of chemistry in all its branches, the promotion of research in chemical science and industry, [and] the improvement of the qualifications and usefulness of chemists.? The continuing excellence of the ACS awards program requires that a number of highly qualified chemistry professionals be nominated and that great care be taken in preparing the nominations.
Note that starting with this award cycle, the timeframe and deadline for submitting nominations has changed. The deadline for receiving nominations for the 2008 ACS Awards is November 1, 2006.
Nominating Procedure for ACS National Awards
* Nominations for 53 national awards administered by the ACS to be presented in 2008 are being solicited.
* Forms for nominations and supporting information, and a detailed description of ACS national awards are available at http://chemistry.org/awards.
* Any individual may submit a nomination for an award, unless that individual is a member of the selection committee for the same award. However, selection committee members may submit nominations for other awards.
* Nominations and inquiries concerning awards should be directed to the Office of the Awards Programs, awards@acs.org.
* The deadline date for all nominating material for 2008 ACS National Awards is November 1, 2006. Earlier transmittal is encouraged.
Chemists in the Community: San Francisco Service Projects in Partnership with Hands On Bay Area
You are invited to serve as a volunteer along with members of the ACS Board Directors as they work to spruce-up several areas in the Bay area. We are looking for at least 300 volunteers to serve in this capacity on Saturday, September 9, 2006. Locations and times will vary. For additional details, read the C&EN [June 26, 2006] ACS Comment by ACS District VI Director, Dr. Bonnie A. Charpentier, at http://pubs.acs.org/cen/acsnews/84/8426comment.html.
Co-sponsored by the ACS Board of Directors, the Santa Clara Valley and California Local Sections, and the ACS Committee on Community Activities
Choosing a graduate school? Need to know who is doing research critical to yours?
Consult the DGRweb, which is the searchable, online version of the ACS Directory of Graduate Research, now available at http://chemistry.org/education/DGRweb and is free of charge The ACS Directory of Graduate Research is the most comprehensive source of information on chemical research and researchers at universities in the U.S. and Canada. Using this online directory, one may search for both faculty and institutions. Search for faculty includes specific research area, academic rank, gender, and state, and the search results produce complete contact information for faculty including direct links to faculty email addresses and web pages. Institutional searches provide all departmental contact information along with statistical data on the number of faculty and students in the department and a complete list of faculty active in graduate research. DGRweb 2005 also includes access to the complete 1999, 2001, and 2003 databases.
HIST and the CHF are proud to announce the 2nd Annual Fall ACS National Meeting Concert
Chemists Making Music
Sponsored by HIST and the Chemical Heritage Foundation
5:30 - 7:00 pm
September 12, 2006
Location to be announced.
Jeff Seeman and Vicki Bragin once again team up in their celebration of fine music and special chemistry. As they did at the Washington, DC National meeting in 2005, HIST and the CHF are sponsoring a concert which will take place during the San Francisco ACS National meeting. Bragin, the winner of the prestigious Van Cliburn International Piano Competition for Outstanding Amateurs in 2002, will once again perform her piano magic. Also featured will be members of the chamber music program at Caltech. The musicians are, from left to right: June Wicks, violin; John Keith, cello; Victor Kam, piano; Christina Vizcarra, viola; and Shelley Chang, violin (all of whom are either chemistry undergraduate or graduate students at Caltech).
This concert is free.
ACS Presidential Event: Equipping the 2015 Chemical Technology Workforce
They are called "technicians," "analysts," "operators," "scientists," and more, and there are over 440,000 of them in the United States. They are chemical technicians. Technicians make up over 20% of the scientific workforce, enabling industry to get work done. This fall, the Division of Chemical Technician (TECH) will host a Presidential Event. This Event will be the kick-off for an initiative to enable technicians, educators, employers, students, and colleagues of technicians to have a direct impact the educational and career development of these chemical professionals.
Equipping the 2015 Chemical Technology Workforce is a collaborative ACS initiative. It will kick off with a day-long Presidential Event on 12 September 2006 at the ACS National Meeting in San Francisco. The Event will focus on how industry, academia, and workforce and professional organizations can coordinate their efforts to ensure the 2015 technical workforce will meet the challenges facing them.
Because collaboration among a wide range of organizations will play a major role in the success of the initiative, it is a great opportunity for new people to get involved.
Local section members are encouraged to participate in the event, as well as support attendees and facilitate the implementation of programs based on the symposium. Mentors from TECH and the Committee on Technician Affairs (CTA) will be available for consultation before, during, and after the National Meeting.
Local sections can participate by:
* Attending the symposium and engaging in the discussions
* Supporting technicians and chemical technology students who wish to attend
* Encouraging people who do not frequent technician-associated programming t attend the symposium
* Creating programs for local section members based on the symposium
Funding and Sponsorship
The event is largely funded by a grant from the Committee on Corporation Associates (CA), with support from its member companies. A complete list of member companies can be found at www.chemistry.org/industry/ca. Additional funding is provided by the Office of the ACS President, TECH, CTA, CEN-ChemJobs, and ChemTechLinks.
The Equipping the 2015 Chemical Technology Workforce symposium is sponsored by TECH and co-sponsored by CTA, CA, the Office of the ACS President, the Division of Chemical Education, Division of Business Development and Management, the Division of Professional Relations, the Division of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, the Society Committee on Education, the Committee on Economic and Professional Affairs, and the Committee on Science.
High School Chemistry Club for your local school?
The High School office at ACS is interested in hearing from high school chemistry departments that might be interested in sponsoring ACS-Sponsored High School Chemistry Club. We would also like to speak to any local section members interested in helping an area high school establish an ACS-Sponsored High School Chemistry Club. Want to learn more? We would enjoy hearing from you at education@acs.org.
Houston Welcomes the 62ND Southwest Regional Meeting In October
SWRM takes place October 19 - 22 at the Houston Westchase Marriott Hotel. Contact the hotel directly for reservations and mention the ACS SWRM meeting to get the special meeting rate. . SWRM 2006 is sponsored in part by the College of Natural Science and Mathematics and the Chemistry Department at the University of Houston. The theme of the meeting is ?Nanoscale Giga Vision.
Abstract Submittal and Registration
Online abstracts will be accepted until Friday, September 1, and advance registration will remain open until September 25 at 5:00 pm EDT. Both may be accessed through the SWRM 2006 website, http://www.chem.uh.edu/swrm06/ . This is an exciting year for regional meetings because in addition to having regional abstracts appear online on CAS, ACS Books will begin reviewing regional meeting papers for possible inclusion in their ACS symposium series
Featured Topics
Symposia being organized for the meeting include Chemical Utilization of Solar Energy; Bridging the Scale: Study of Large Biomolecular Complexes at Multiple Scales; Relaxation and Transport in Strongly Non-Equilibrium Media; Towards 2015: Employment Needs of the Gulf Coast Petrochemical/Chemical Industries; Nanoscience; Molecular Motors; Biochips; Anticancer Carbohydrates; Carbon Black in Tires; Chemical Safety on the Gulf Coast; Biorefineries: Renewable Fuels & Chemicals. Other symposia planned will address a number of issues such as protein folding, hydrophobicity, Pacific Rim materials, anticancer carbohydrates, and much more. Visit their website for more information.
Special events include a Symposium in Memory of John Margrave organized by Ken Whitmire, the Welch Summer Scholars Reunion, Precollege Teacher Workshops, participation by NOBCChE and SACNAS, and an awards banquet.
Please contact co-chairs Joe Hightower at jhigh@rice.edu or Mamie Moy at mmoy@uh.edu for more details.
The 41ST Midwest Regional Meeting Scheduled for Quincy, IL
MWRM 2006 will take place October 25 - 27 at the Oakley-Lindsay Center. Hotel accommodations have been arranged at two nearby hotels, the Hampton Inn and the Holiday Inn. For more information, visit the meeting website at http://membership.acs.org./m/mwrm2006/index.htm.
Abstract Submittal and Registration
The online abstract submittal program will be open until 5:00 PM Friday, October 6. Online advance registration is open until 5:00 PM Wednesday, October 10. Both may be accessed through the MWRM/ 2006 website, http://membership.acs.org./m/mwrm2006/index.htm. Visit the website often for periodic updates. This is an exciting year for regional meetings because in addition to having regional abstracts appear online on CAS, ACS Books will begin reviewing regional meeting papers for possible inclusion in their ACS symposium series
Featured Topics
The meeting is seeking papers in the areas of analytical, Inorganic, NMR, Organic, Physical, and Polymer chemistry, biochemistry, Chemical Education and Undergraduate Research, and Green Chemistry. Please visit the meeting website for more details on planned programming.
Housing
MWRM 2006 has negotiated excellent rates at two Quincy hotels. Reservations for the Holiday Inn Quincy may be made by calling 217-222-2666 or 1-800-HOLIDAY, or www.holiday-inn.com/quincyil. Contact the Hampton Inn at 217-224-8378 or 1-800-HAMPTON.
Special Event for Retired and Emeritus Members Planned for San Francisco
A dynamic program is planned for the Silver Circle & Retiree Breakfast at the ACS National Meeting in San Francisco on Tuesday, September 12, 7:30 a.m.-9:00 a.m., at the Hilton San Francisco Hotel, Yosemite B.
The guest speaker, Dr. Mike Burns, Chief Technology Officer, YourEncore, Inc.*, will talk on "The Role of Retired Scientists and Engineers in Open Innovation". Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) will provide an update on the past 100 years at the world"s largest collection of chemical and related scientific information for the research community. Following will be an opportunity to share program ideas for the retired chemist and highlight what some local sections are doing to utilize this growing number of ACS members. Ticketed event: $10.00
*YourEncore, Inc. is a unique technical services provider that recruits and manages a network of recently-retired and highly-experienced scientists, engineers and product development specialists.
SERMACS 2006 Comes to Augusta, GA
The 58th Southeastern Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society (SERMACS 2006) will be held Nov. 1 - 4 at the Augusta Marriott Hotel & Suites on the banks of the Savannah River. The ACS-Savannah River Section is hosting the meeting in collaboration with the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) - Central Savannah River Section.
Abstract Submittal and Registration
The online abstract submittal program will be open until 5:00 PM Friday, September 1. Online and downloadable advance registration forms are available until 5:00 PM Wednesday, October 10. Both may be accessed through the SERMACS 2006 website, http://www.sermacs2006.org. Visit the website often for periodic updates. This is an exciting year for regional meetings because in addition to having regional abstracts appear online on CAS, ACS Books will begin reviewing regional meeting papers for possible inclusion in their ACS symposium series
Featured Topics
Symposia are planned in the areas of agriculture and food, biological, fuel, industrial & engineering chemistry; chemical information, chemical health & safety, computers & chemistry, chemistry & the law, and many more.
Housing
SERMACS 2006 has reserved rooms at the Augusta Marriott Hotel & Suites. Call 1-706-722-8900 or reach them through http://www.sermacs2006.org to register online. Use group reservation code SERSERA (for the main tower) or SERSERO (for the suites). Book your room before the hotel reservation deadline of October 1st to assure you get the meeting discount rate. For more information, contact the General Chair, Chris Bannochie at 803-725-8088 or Sermacs2006@srs.gov or the Programming Chair, Tom Crute at 706-667-4517 or tcrute@aug.edu.
NJ, PA, & ND Students Named to U.S. Chemistry Olympiad Team
Four of the nation's top high school chemistry students two from New Jersey, one each from North Dakota and Pennsylvania have been chosen to represent the United States in the 38th annual International Chemistry Olympiad in Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea, July 2-11, 2006. They will compete with students from some 60 other countries in the event, sponsored by the American Chemical Society, the world?s largest scientific society.
The four team members are:
Andrew Freddo, Colts Neck, N.J., Manalapan High School
Alex Zozula, East Brunswick, N.J., East Brunswick High School
Michael Blaisse, Harrisburg, Pa., Bishop McDevitt High School
Greg Brockman, Grand Forks, N.D., Red River High School
Freddo and Blaisse were alternates to the team in 2005.
The two alternatives are:
Xiaoran (Taylor) Yi, San Diego, Calif., Westview High School
Sydney Creutz, Charlottesville, Va., Albemarle High School
"We're very proud of the students selected for the U.S. team. We send them with high hopes, and are encouraged because they represent the future of chemistry and science - bright minds, collaborating to solve problems, willing to lead with innovation and new ideas," said E. Ann Nalley, Ph.D., ACS President.
More than 10,000 high school students nationwide took local exams hoping to win a place on the Olympiad team. From those exams, twenty students were selected to participate at a June study camp, held at the U.S. Air Force Academy in Colorado. They received college-level training, with an emphasis on organic chemistry, through a series of lectures, problem-solving exercises, lab work and testing. The final team members and alternates were chosen from those attending the camp.
The International Chemistry Olympiad originated with Czechoslovakia, Poland and Hungary in 1968. Other eastern European countries soon joined the event, and Western Europe began participating in 1974. The first U.S. team competed in 1984, winning one silver and two bronze medals.
The American Chemical Society has sponsored the American team annually since the United States joined the Olympiad. Principal funding is through the Society"s Othmer Olympiad Endowment, with additional support from the U.S. Air Force Academy; IBM Research; Merck Publishing Group; Texas Instruments, Inc.; W.H. Freeman & Company; McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; Advanced Chemistry Development; Thomson, Brooks/Cole; Carolina Biological Supply Company; Flinn Scientific, Inc.; Fisher Scientific; Pearson Prentice Hall; Sigma Chemical Company; and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
This Month in Chemical History
Harold Goldwhite, California State University, Los Angeles
hgoldwh@calstatela.edu
Prepared for SCALACS, the Journal of the Southern California, Orange County, and San Gorgonio Sections of the American Chemical Society
In early March 1896 Henri Becquerel made one of those seminal discoveries that change the whole face of science -- and of society. It was, to some degree, a serendipitous discovery, but Becquerel had the background, training, and genius to appreciate its significance, and he became the first investigator in a completely new area of science.
Henri Becquerel was born on December 15, 1852, into a distinguished family of scientists. His grandfather, Antoine Cesar Becquerel, was a pioneer student of electrical phenomena early in the nineteenth century, making important contributions to piezoelectricity, thermo-electricity, conductivity, and primary cells. Henri's father, Edmond Becquerel, became, at the age of 18, assistant to Antoine, and devoted his career to studies of both electricity and light. He was among the first to record, by photography, ultraviolet spectra -- in 1842!-- and devised a color photography system. He was a major investigator of phosphorescence phenomena, and this undoubtedly had its influence on his son's major discovery. In 1852, when Henri was born, his father Edmond had succeeded his father, Antoine, as Professor at the National Museum of Natural History in Paris.
So Henri grew up in the environs of a laboratory, and with his heritage he was predestined for a career in science. He studied at the Polytechnic School in Paris, and then studied engineering for three years, while serving in the Army Corps of Bridges and Roads. He became a Demonstrator at the Polytechnic School in 1875, and later, in 1895, became Professor at that School. In 1878, after his grandfather Antoine died, Henri took the position of Assistant at the museum where his father was Professor. Henri succeeded him in 1892. Henri was elected to the Academy of Sciences in 1889.
Henri Becquerel's first researches were on the Faraday effect, the interaction between light and magnetic fields. He established the effect in gases, and worked on empirical and theoretical relationships between field strength and the magnitude of the effect. He then started a more general study of magnetic phenomena in metals and gases. He also was an early student of infrared spectra, examining such spectra of the sun, metal vapors, water, and compounds of the lanthanide elements ( the "rare earths"). In the early 1890's he returned to one of his father's themes, studying in more detail the phosphorescence of uranium salts, including some striking new observations of phosphorescence produced when certain minerals are heated.
In late 1895 Wilhelm Roentgen, Professor at Wurzburg, startled the scientific community with his announcement of the discovery of X-rays. The remarkable properties of this new form of radiation, including its ability to penetrate materials quite opaque to visible light, set off a flood of new investigative work. Henri Poincare showed some of Roentgen's radiographs at a meeting of the Academy of Sciences in Paris in January 1896, and Becquerel was most interested in a reply to one of his questions, that the source of the X-rays might be the luminous spot on the wall of the cathode ray tube. Perhaps there was a connection between phosphorescence and X-rays? Becquerel told Poincare that he would begin some experiments to test this idea.
On February 24, 1896, Becquerel described some initial experiments at a meeting of the Academy of Sciences, but the results were inconclusive. He then began new experiments using, as his phosphorescent material, potassium uranium sulphate, a salt which has a very strong phosphorescence. He placed the crystalline material on photographic plates wrapped in black paper, and put the assemblage in sunlight to excite the phosphorescence of the salt. After a few hours exposure he developed the plates and saw a faint impression of the crystals which had somehow penetrated the black paper. He seemed to be on the right track. More experiments were planned in late February, and the plates with attached crystals were made up -- but the weather did not cooperate. The sun refused to shine, which is really not surprising for late February in Paris. Becquerel put the prepared plates away in a drawer for a few days and then, as a good scientist should, decided to treat these plates as controls. On March 1, 1896 he developed the plates expecting to find only very weak impressions. To his surprise the impressions were extremely strong; whatever was producing them was continuing to act in the dark of a laboratory drawer. Phosphorescence clearly had nothing to do with the phenomena Becquerel had observed. He had discovered a new kind of radiation which had no obvious excitational cause. He soon established that the new radiation was to be found in every uranium compound he examined, and he discovered a new detector for it. A charged gold-leaf electroscope was discharged by the action of this novel radiation -- but we might as well give it its recognized name. Becquerel had discovered radioactivity. His new electroscope detector was well-suited to quantitative measurements of the phenomenon. A young doctoral candidate at the School of Physics and Chemistry, Marie Sklodovska Curie, decided to follow up Becquerel's discoveries and use the electroscope to establish the fundamentals of radioactivity, with results that are surely well-known to all my readers.
Becquerel continued his studies on radioactivity in parallel with those of Marie Curie, who was later joined in her investigations by her husband, Pierre Curie. Becquerel and the Curies were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 for their work on radioactivity, work which led to a complete revolution in our understanding of the nature of matter, and to a range of new products and industries, both beneficial and deadly.
This Month in Chemical History: A Correction
Harold Goldwhite, California State University, Los Angeles
hgoldwh@calstatela.edu
Prepared for SCALACS, the Journal of the Southern California, Orange County, and San Gorgonio Sections of the American Chemical Society
In a previous column I discussed the history of the term "photon" as it is currently used, attributing it to G.N. Lewis in a 1926 publication. A well-informed reader, Dr. Rodney Brooks of Wanaka, New Zealand, a retired physicist who is writing a book on Quantum Field Theory, has drawn to my attention the need to correct and amplify that column. He points out that Max Planck, in his Nobel Prize acceptance speech delivered in 1920 (for the prize in physics for 1918), used the word "photon" in its modern sense five times. I believe that speech was delivered in German. It was translated into English and also published in English but I have not yet traced the dates of the earliest publications.
If I attach the proviso to my previous column that I was discussing the word "photon" as it appeared in English then the column stands as essentially correct. A re-reading of the full Oxford English Dictionary (OED) confirms the history of the word in English as I gave it.
That leaves us with two further puzzles. What is the origin of the German term "photon" that Planck used in 1920? Was it invented by Planck (the Nobel speech makes no mention of the word as a new term) or was it in general use in Germany at that time? Unfortunately the library sources I have at my disposal do not include a comprehensive dictionary of German on historical principles, a German analog of the OED. And was G.N. Lewis aware of Planck's use of the term, somehow omitting reference to its prior use?
If any perceptive readers can help me with answers on either of these points I would appreciate hearing from them.
The 19th Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting to be Held in Tuscon
The 19th Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting of the ACS, October 14 - 18 2006, hosted by the Southern Arizona Section, will be held at the DoubleTree Hotel Reid Park, Tucson, Arizona.
Abstract Submittal and Registration
Online abstract submission closed August 1, 2006. Advance registration closes September 21, 2006. Visit the web site, www.rmacs2006.arizona.edu/meeting.html, for detailed information, to register, and to submit a paper. This is an exciting year for regional meetings because in addition to having regional abstracts appear online on CAS, ACS Books will begin reviewing regional meeting papers for possible inclusion in their ACS symposium series
Featured Topics
Papers are sought in traditional areas of chemistry and a variety of multidisciplinary chemical research areas, as well. These include: Chemistry of drug development; Chemistry in the Wild, Wild West; Pathways & Natural Products; Materials Chemistry for Electronics & Photonics; Chemistry in Silico; Chemical Biology; Astrochemistry; and Environmental Chemistry.
Symposia include Bioinspired Chemical Sensing; Chemistry of Terrorism; Chemistry & the Environment; The Chem in Biochem: Chemical Biology of Cancer; Digital Technologies for Teaching Chemistry; A Little Chemistry: Polymers and Nanostructured Materials.
Housing
A block of rooms has been reserved at the Reid Park DoubleTree Hotel. Reservations can be made by calling the hotel directly at (520) 881-4200 (please mention that you will be attending the Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting to receive the special rates). You may also make reservations by following links from the meeting website, www.rmacs2006.arizona.edu/meeting.html.
DCHAS Speakers Bureau Launched!
The Division of Chemical Health and Safety (DCHAS) of the American Chemical Society (ACS) has created the DCHAS Speakers Bureau. The goal of the DCHAS Speakers Bureau is to enhance public awareness of chemical health & safety by providing professional, qualified speakers for presentations on CH&S topics of interest to the scientific community.
Organizations interested in having presentations by DCHAS speakers should review information about topics and speakers available on the Division's website - http://membership.acs.org/c/chas/ .For more information, contact the committee chair, Jim Kaufman at jimkaufman@labsafety.org. The Speakers Bureau is made possible in part by an Innovative Project Fund Grant for Divisional Enhancement. The grant is provided by from the ACS Council Committee on Divisional Activities. Funds from the grant will help support speaker travel expenses.
American Chemical Society
Fundraising Priorities
Programs that Change Lives and Improve the World through Chemistry
The American Chemical Society has identified four key Society programs as fundraising priorities. With a newly centralized development office, ACS raised $2.8 million in 2005 for these programs that focus on the future of chemistry. New gifts and pledges of more than $2 million were received by June 30, 2006, and the Society is optimistic about meeting the 2006 goal to raise $3 million to support this important work. ACS members are encouraged to consider helping to identify possible prospects for funding these programs, making a personal contribution or giving the gift of volunteer service.
ACS Green Chemistry Institute
* Works with industry in identifying innovative science and technology that enhances competitiveness while protecting human health and the environment.
*Works with government, industry and academe to promote the development and implementation of sustainable science and technology across disciplines to avoidthe production of hazardous wastes.
* Trains teachers and students at workshops and summer schools on the principles and fundamental concepts of Green Chemistry and Green Engineering.
* Publishes curricula, lab manuals and text for faculty.
* Provides conferences, symposia, and educational forums to address global issues at the intersection of chemistry and the environment.
ACS Scholars Program
* Provides scholarships and mentoring to African American, Hispanic and Native American undergraduate students majoring in the chemical sciences.
* Since 1995, more than 1,600 talented students with financial need have received funds for tuition, books and lab fees.
* Nearly 660 ACS Scholars have graduated with half bringing fresh talent to the workforce and half continuing in graduate school. To date, 26 Scholars have earned PhD degrees.
Project SEED
* More than 400 economically disadvantaged high school students participate annually in this hands-on summer research experience that has served 8,000 students since its inception in 1968.
* Volunteer scientists-mentors work with students in laboratory settings on research projects for which the students will prepare a final report and present their results.
* In addition to earning stipends, students gain confidence in their ability to succeed academically, with over 80% choosing to continue their education in college.
Teacher Training
* Through online and in-person teacher training, ACS shares effective, inquiry-based teacher methods with educators at all levels nationwide.
* Currently, more than 1,000 teachers participate in these programs each year.
For more information please contact
Mary Bet Dobson, Assistant Director for Individual Giving
(m_dobson@acs.org or 202-872-4094)
or
Kathy Fleming, Assistant Director for Corporate and Foundation Giving
(k_fleming@acs.org or 202-872-6132)
2007 SERMACS Meeting Update
The 2007 SERMACS meeting will be held in beautiful downtown Greenville, SC. The meeting will take place in the Hyatt Regency Hotel on Wednesday, October 24 through Saturday, October 27, 2007.
Plenary Speaker: Richard N. Zare, Marguerite Blake Wilbur Professor in Natural Science, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University "The Chemistry of Propulsion".
Planned Symposia for SERMACS 2007
Fuel Cells, Batteries and Capacitors, Steve Creager, Clemson University
Fluorine-containing Molecules and Polymers, Dennis Smith, Clemson University
NSF Broader Impacts: Panel Discussion and Successful Projects, Luis Echegoyen, Clemson University and Sibrina Collins, Claflin University
Crystal Engineering, Southern Style (Fried, Baked or Boiled), Alicia Beatty, Mississippi State University
Using Chemistry Education Research to Improve Teaching and Learning, Melanie Cooper, Clemson University
Photonic and Optoelectronic Materials, John Ballato, Clemson University
S and Se in the SE, Gregory Grant, University of Tennessee-Chattanooga and Daniel Rabinovich, University of North Carolina-Charlotte
Organometallics in the Southeast, Gregory Robinson, University of Georgia
Biological Applications of Nanotechnology, David Cliffel and David Wright, Vanderbilt University
Nucleic Acids: Structure and Interactions, Karen Buchmueller, Wake Forest University and David Wilson, Georgia State University
Special Analytical Awards Symposium, John Wheeler, Furman University
Modeling of Covalent Bonding Interactions, Steven Stuart, Clemson University and Donald Brenner, North Carolina State University.
For more information visit the SERMACS 2007 website at http://www.sermacs2007.org
CHEMISTRY OLYMPIAD 2006
The Section is once again sponsoring the Chemistry Olympiad for high school students in the Western Carolinas. As an enticement, the highest scorer on the local test in each county will receive a $100 Savings Bond. Please help the Section by considering a donation to this worthy cause. (A $100 Savings Bond only costs $50! If this year is like past years, we will probably need 8 or 9 bonds.) Other details about the Olympiad: the local test will be given in mid-March, the top 10 students in the Section will then take a National ACS exam in April, the top students nationally are invited to the US Air Force Academy for two weeks of intensive training, then four students will be chosen to compete in Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea in July. Now that I am coordinating the local test effort, I can?t say enough kudos to Hal Leith for the many years he served in this capacity. I would also like to mention Mary (Chisholm) Scott, who has been instrumental this year in getting high school teacher information in the seven counties we serve in North Carolina, and thanks to John Kaup for agreeing to administer the National exam at Clemson. If you are interested in making a donation, please give the money to our treasurer (Julia Brumaghim), Herman Holt, or me. Thanks! --Chris Bender
Graduate School Recruiters ?
Would you like to increase the pool of applicants to your graduate programs? Then register for the ACS graduate school recruiting breakfast and ice cream social for undergraduate chemistry students! The ice cream social will be held on Sunday, September 10, 2006 from 5:00 6:30 p.m. and the breakfast will be held Monday, September 11, 2006, from 9:0011:00 a.m. in San Francisco, CA as part of the 232nd ACS National Meeting.
The graduate school recruiting morning tea and breakfast offers:
* Representatives of schools the opportunity to meet qualified graduate school candidates.
* Students a chance to discuss their educational plans informally and intimately with faculty, staff, and students from participating institutions.
Registration ends August 8, 2006. For more information, contact Adam M. Boyd at 1-800-227-5558, ext. 6188 or email a_boyd@acs.org.
"Chemistry Headlines" A new online feature from chemistry.org
Would you like to visit one ACS web page and access links to current chemistry news headlines, journal article briefs, and features on chemical patents, research advances, historical events, and meeting updates from the American Chemical Society?
* A new online feature on chemistry.org, "Chemistry Headlines", serves up all this and more. "Chemistry Headlines" is a compilation of headlines from external news sources and a variety of ACS magazines and journals, including C&EN Online, as well as headlines from Heart Cut, Patent Watch, Today in Chemical History, chemistry.org feature articles and other ACS products and resources. Staff members from chemistry.org, C&EN and ACS Publications have collaborated to help make a wide range of content available in this forum. Go to: www.chemistry.org/portal/a/c/s/1/newscenter.html, the same URL that was used previously for the first generation of the chemistry.org Newscenter.
* Have questions or comments concerning "Chemistry Headlines", Email webmaster@acs.org and include "Chemistry Headlines" in the subject line of your message.
Stay in Touch with the Education Division
ChemunityNews is a bimonthly electronic newsletter that connects chemistry educators to the activities of the ACS Education Division. It provides updates on newly published resources and materials, programs for students and educators, and upcoming workshops and meetings. You may view a recent issues by visiting the ChemunityNews Archives at chemistry.org. To subscribe, simply email education@acs.org.
The ACS Member Insurance Program
Welcomes New York Life Insurance Company!
Effective January 1, 2005, the ACS Member Insurance Program welcomes New York Life Insurance Company as the new underwriter for the following ACS Member Insurance Plans:
* Term Life
* Hospital Indemnity
* Disability Income
* Accidental Death and Dismemberment
New York Life will also underwrite two new plans now being offered through the ACS Member Insurance Program. ACS members are encouraged to take advantage of our 10 and 20 - year Group Level Term plans. Applying for Group Level Term through ACS offers convenience and flexibility, with up to $2,000,000 in coverage designed especially for ACS members. The plan allows members to lock in already competitive rates for specific time periods, providing valuable and affordable coverage. And best of all, the plans are portable coverage continues even if you change jobs. The ACS Member Insurance Program is keeping you covered by expanding its portfolio and providing you with plans designed to help meet your needs and give you peace of mind. To receive more information about the ACS 10 and 20 - year Group Level Term plans please call the plan administrator at 1-800-752-0179. If you have questions regarding the ACS Member Insurance Program, please contact 1-800-227-5558 ext. 2119. Sponsored by the Board of Trustees, Group Insurance Plans for ACS Members - Your colleagues working for you!
Matching Gift Fund
At its meeting in early December 2004, the ACS Board of Directors voted to provide funding of $250,000 for a Matching Gift Fund (MGF) Program for 2005. The MGF matches contributions to eligible Society Programs. Through the MGF Program, the Society will add one dollar for every two dollars donated to support the following programs:
* Project SEED
* Scholars Program
* World Reach Fund
* National Chemistry Week
* Teacher Training
* National Historic Chemical Landmarks
* Women Chemists Committee Programs
* PROGRESS (a pilot project aimed at facilitating participation and advancement of women chemists and chemical engineers)
* Stanley C. Israel Regional Award for Advancing Diversity in the Chemical Sciences
The minimum donation that will be matched by the MGF Program is $3,000, which must be given by an individual, foundation, company, or organization. The funding authorized by the ACS Board is for 2005 only. Gifts and pledges will be matched per the program stipulations throughout the year or until the fund has been committed in its entirety, whichever comes first. Gifts may be paid over a three-year period, 2005-2007. All gifts made to the ACS are tax-deductible. For more information, contact Mary Bet Dobson in the ACS Development Office by mail (1155 Sixteenth St., NW, Washington, DC 20036) or phone (202-872-4094).
This year (2005) will be the last year for the Matching Gift Fund. The ACS Board also voted at the December meeting to expand the Development Office and to redirect the resources, formerly dedicated to the Matching Gift Fund, to achieve annual fundraising targets.
STARTING WITH SAFETY NOW AVAILABLE ONLINE
The highly popular ACS Video Course, Starting with Safety, has been adapted for delivery via the Internet. The Internet version includes all of the materials from the original Video Course including the video scenes and the Teacher's Guide. As an added bonus, the complete ACS Video Course, Seeing the Light, Eye and Face Protection, is also included in this ACS Internet Course.
Now you and your students can access this valuable training program from any computer connected to the Internet at any time, day or night. (We do recommend a relatively high-speed connection, such as a DSL, cable modem or higher. And you will need to install the Flash 6 player to view the videos).
This program is designed to be used as part of a standard high school or introductory college chemistry curriculum that is taught by an experienced chemistry teacher. The program is NOT meant to be a stand-alone training course. Students should only use this program under the supervision of a qualified teacher.
For complete details about this program, visit the American Chemical Society website at http://chemistry.org/elearning and click on the link to Starting with Safety.
Local Section Officers Newsletter Launched!
In October, the Technology, Tools and Operations Subcommittee of the Local Section Activities Committee and the Office of Local Section Activities launched a new HTML newsletter for local section leaders! The quarterly newsletter is sent via email to all current local section officers. The goal of the newsletter is to provide officers with timely information, tools and tips for success, and innovative ideas and activities that local sections may find of interest. The newsletter is available online at http://membership.acs.org/l/localsections/leading_together. If you wish to subscribe to future issues of this newsletter please send an email to olsa@acs.org and indicate your subscription request.
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